Seiring dengan terjadinya krisis energy sebagai akibat berkurangnya cadangan bahan bakar minyak maka peluang pemanfaatan bioenergi semakin besar. The trade in sorghum is small compared with the major grains such as wheat, maize, barley and rice. Sorghum and wheat breeding by mutation techniques using gamma irradiation has been conducted at the center for the application of isotope and radiation technology, national nuclear energy agency batan. Starch, the major component of sorghum meals, makes up 83% of the endosperm. Sweet sorghum grown for syrup looks similar to corn. The increased use of sorghum as a food in subsaharan africa could alleviate the problem of chronic undernourishment, as sorghum is much better suited to cultivation in the sat than nonindigenous cereals such as wheat or maize. Balai penelitian teknologi pertanian bali dan nusa tenggara barat. Moench in serbia1 article pdf available in economic botany 652. Sorghum is a major staple crop and food in tropical countries in africa and in india. Sorghum has some valuable nutritional characteristics. Pdf nutritional and rheological properties of sorghum. In many developing countries, sorghum has traditionally been used in food products and various food items pontieri et al. Sorghum sorghum bicolor includes widely diverse types of annual and perennial types.
Jurnal produksi tanaman, volume 3, nomor 4, juni 2015, hlm. Annual sorghum and pearl millet harvests 000 t in tanzanias main production regions 1, average, 199495 to 199697. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan dan hasil sorgum terhadap. Jul 04, 2018 6 days ago pdf portable document format is one of the most popular types of document for sharing as most devices and computers can open a pdf for 1 apr 2016 update. Developmental sequence of sorghum gs i gs ii gs iiidays. Pendugaan parameter genetik dan seleksi galur mutan sorgum sorghum bicolor l. Sorghum usually grows poorly on sandy soils, except where a heavy textured subsoil is present. It is grown for home consumption unless there is a bumper crop, or if cash is needed. Respons pertumbuhan dan hasil sorgum sorghum bicolor. Sorghum contains various phenolic and antioxidant compounds that could.
Di indonesia sorgum telah lama dikenal oleh petani khususnya di jawa, ntb dan ntt. Sorghum grain in poultry feeding worlds poultry science. Sorghum plant is a potentially attractive raw material for food, feed, fuel and industry hallgren et al. An ancient, healthy and nutritious old world cereal. Efektifitas produksi nutrien tanaman sorgum dan jagung. Mengadakan ceramah tentang teknik budidaya tanaman sorgum. Teknik budidaya tanaman sorgum sorgum sorghum bicolor l bukan tanaman asli indonesia, tapi berasal dari wilayah sekitar sungai niger di afrika. Sorghum syrup may sometimes be referred to as sorghum molasses. The continent produces about 20 million tonnes of sorghum per annum, about onethird of the world crop. Sorghum is a major crop of the world with various uses. It is a major crop in the usa, india, argentina, mexico, africa, china and australia. Sorghum can better tolerate short periods of water logging compared with maize. Importance of sorghum in africa j r n taylor department of food science, university of pretoria, pretoria 0002, south africa, email.
This indicated that sorghum retained a larger fraction of its water at given water potentials. Sorghum is viewed as an attractive raw material for wheatglutenfree products due to the neutral flavour. Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world. Response of growth and result sorghum in spacing and weeding time. Banyak buku tentang pertanian yang kebanyakan hanya menyajikan. Sorghum grain is the fifth most important cereal in the world. Moench di tanah masam estimation of genetic parameters and. Most sorghum grain in kenya is consumed by rural households, who typically grind it into flour to make porridge, known as ugali. Moench is an important staple food crop in eritrea. Moench is widely used as food, feed, fiber, and bioenergy crop. In addition to sorghum as a food crop, there are possibilities of other alternative uses of sorghum such as novel foods, processed foods, feed for dairy animals, and industrial uses starch, beverages beer and ethanol. Polytechnical schoolcheikh anta diop universitydakarsenegal. International sorghum and millet collaborative research support program intsormil crsp 2010 sorghum. Viruses are complex organic molecules dna or rna encoated.
Wheat flour is significantly higher p sorghum flour and significantly higher p sorghum seed was the norm by the majority of farmers while use of inorganic fertilizer on sorghum was nil. Sorghum plant has a potentiality of quick growth to produce grain yield and. Sorghum is a genus with many species and subspecies, and there are several types of sorghum, including grain sorghums, grass sorghums for pasture and hay, sweet sorghums for syrups, and broomcorn. Unlike maize, current sorghum varieties grown for biogas use fail to combine. Keunggulan sorgum terletak pada daya adaptasi agroekologi yang luas, tahan terhadap kekeringan, produksi tinggi, perlu input lebih sedikit serta lebih tahan terhadap hama dan penyakit dibading tanaman pangan lain. Nutrient composition of retail samples of sorghum, millet and. Grain storage methods and their effects on sorghum grain. Buku ini berisi tentang kajian tanaman sorgum ditinjau dari berbagai aspek. Sorghum bicolor is the important, tropical cereal sorghum. Pdf studio 12 was released will full support for 4k monitors is set automatically and cannot be changed. There is a steady decline in protein content, 17% at 18 to 24in. Rapaccini skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the production of sorghum plant sorghum bicolor l.
Sorgum, umur panen, dosis urea, produksi bahan kering, produksi protein kasar. The estimated world area of sorghum in 1972 was 40 mha, the largest areas being in india 16 mha and africa 10. The stalks of fullseason hybrids usually are larger and stand better than earlier hybrids. Broad guidelines of the following aspects and forage crops are discussed in this manual. Grain sorghum acreage expanded in most of the traditional grain sorghum producing counties in 2002. In many cases, sorghum flour is used to enrich cassava flour before it is. Starch granules of sorghum resemble those of corn in general size, range, and shape fig. International crops research institute for semiarid tropics icrisat, india. Sorghum is emerging as an excellent genetic model for the design of c4 grass bioenergy crops. Heterosis and combining ability of f1 hybrid sweet sorghum in thailand. Grain sorghum acres planted during the 2002 growing season.
Sorghum grain is used for stockfeed in the new world, japan and europe. In africa, although only a few countries contribute a major share of area, sorghum is widely distributed and is a major staple food grain in large parts of the continent. Mstvs is the most serious on sorghum growvirus ing in peninsular india. Genetic diversity among japanese cultivated sorghum assessed with simple sequence repeats markers. In africa and asia, it serves as a staple food for more than 200 million people, and the total cultivated area is surpassed only by rice oryza sativa l. Grain yield response and stability indices in sorghum sorghum bicolor l. It is glutenfree and can contain high levels of phytochemicals, particularly antioxidantrich phenolics. Sorghum juicederived ethanol is cheaper to produce than corn ethanol because it doesnt require the cooking and enzymes that corn requires for conversion of starch to sugar to fuel grade alcohol. Francis counties saw their grain sorghum acreage increase between 72 and 177 percent as compared to the 2001 season. Os scaling support qoppa pdf studio pro 11 serial key crack free download. Sorghum, like many grains, has a diversity of uses, including human consumption and animal feed. Sorghum ha mals goot d aamylase activit but y low 3amylase. Sorghum is more tolerant of alkaline salts than other grain crops and can therefore be successfully cultivated on soils with a ph kcl between 5. Moench is an important source of food, feed and forage worldwide icrisat, 1980.
Respons pertumbuhan dan produksi tiga varietas sorgum sorghum bicolor l. The forage sorghum varieties namely speedfeed and kfs4 were differed significantly for emergence, leaf area index, relative growth rate. To manage the sorghum crop for maximum production, the producer must understand how the plant grows and develops and what factors affect its growth, development, and nutrient. On the average, sorghum starch granules are slightly larger, 15 j1, compared to 10 j1 for corn. One of the most common bacterial diseases of sorghum is bacterial leaf stripe kucharek.
International board for plant genetic resources, ibpgr, rome, italy keywords. Senegalese institute of agricultural research isra 4. Origin, history, morphology, production, improvement, and utilization of broomcorn sorghum bicolor l. Sorghum diversity paper pdf sweet energy crop article pdf sweet harvest article, originally appeared in ethanol producer magazine july 2008 pdf drought kindles us farmers appetite for african grain sorghum sweet sorghum is a droughttolerant feedstock with the potential to produce more ethanolacre than corn.
Elsharkaway and hesketh 1964 used temperature and water stress as treatments to compare young fully expanded leaves of sorghum sorghum vulgare l. Grain yield response and stability indices in sorghum. Sorghum is a glutenfree cereal and forms the staple diet of a majority of the populations living in the semiarid tropics. Sorghum as cereal staple crop sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Budi daya tanaman sorgum balai penelitian tanaman serealia. Sorghum sorghum bicolor characterization collections biodiversity plant genetic resources taxonomies identification standards descriptors created date. Molasses is a byproduct of the sugar cane industry and the making of sugar. Thus, commercialization of alternative food, feed, and industrial products is one of the ways to increase demand for sorghum. It is a potential threat to sorghum production and productivity and will continue to be so as the disease is increasing with the time table 1.
Grain sorghum, mabele, amazimba, amabele origin and distribution sorghum is the 5th most important grain crop after wheat, maize, rice and barley. They describe the problems related to the tannins which lower to various extents its metabolizable energy value, palatability and protein utilization for chickens. Identification and evaluation of sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Of late 1020% incidence was recorded on postrainy season sorghum narayana, 2006. The plants ability to produce the flag leaf sheath and is. The crop is a heat and drought tolerant, drylandadapted crop that is generally grown in marginal crop production areas. Maturity a good fullseason hybrid will outyield a good earlyseason hybrid every time, other conditions being equal and favorable for sorghum growth.
View sorghum bicolor l research papers on academia. The best time to plant is when there is su fficient water. Sorghum grain production per household was 360 kg out of which 65% was sold, 30% consumed while 5%. Globally, over half of all sorghum is used for human consumption. Budidaya sorgum awalnya diproduksi untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pangan masyarakat. The crop is commonly grown under rain fed conditions by resourcepoor subsistence farmers with very little or no capital inputs, such as fertilizers, pesticides, or irrigation. Grain sorghum is the most commonly cultivated agronomic type of sorghum worldwide berenji and dahlberg, 2004. Sorghum is a warmweather crop, which requires high temperatures for good germination and growth. Important aspects regarding the establishment of fine seed forage crops.
Some sorghum grain is also processed into flour by commercial mills and sold in urban markets. It is a major crop for many poor farmers, especially in africa, central america, and south asia. Box 395, pretoria 0001, south africa abstract malted grain sorghu is usem d in souther africn tao brew traditional sorghum opaque beer. Moench varieties was assessed under saline conditions ec 0, 5, 10, 15 ds m1 and irrigated when the leaf water potential reached 1control,1. Moench is a widely adapted sugar crop with high potential for bioenergy and ethanol production. Sorghum flour milling technology has not been sufficiently welldeveloped. C687 grain sorghum production handbook ksre bookstore. Inzen grain sorghum differs from many other herbicide tolerant crop traits because it is a not transgenic trait, and is thus not a genetically modified organism gmo. Pdf origin, history, morphology, production, improvement.
Arendt, emanuele zannini, in cereal grains for the food and beverage industries, 20. Sorghum growth and development cea training august 10, 2005. Other seed companies have signed agreements with dupont as well. Mineral contents in grains of seven foodgrade sorghum. Moench is indigenous to the semiarid tropics sat of africa. Sorghum is used for human nutrition all over the world 2, 6, 7, 10. Domestika sorgum dari etiopia ke mesir dilaporkan telah terjadi sekitar 3000 tahun sebelum masehi. Teknik budidaya tanaman sorgum peternak super marga tiga. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for sorghum in kenya. The main importers of sorghum are japan, mexico, the former ussr cis and venezuela. According to surveys conducted in 1992, less than 15% of sorghum growers and 5% of pearl millet table 2.
The mentioned counties are also the largest producing ones, with phillips ranking. Annual energy sorghum hybrids also serve as a source of biomass for bioenergy production. The focus of this species page is on sorghum bicolor ssp. Management guidelines for inzen grain sorghum final1 wver. Sorghum syrup is produced from 100 percent juice from the sweet sorghum plant. Sorghum grain ranks 5th in cereals for global production see cereal statistics. Improvement in the protein quality of african sorghum. Deni setyawan 111510501088 program studi agroteknologi. Current estimates suggest that intensive plant breeding and cultivation research could, over time, increase the sugar content of sorghum juice to a.
Commercialization prospects for sorghum and pearl millet in. Few farmers have invested in improving the management of their sorghum or pearl millet crops. Nutrient composition of retail samples of sorghum, millet. Originating in africa, its cultivation for both grain and fodder spread throughout the tropics and subtropics of the old world. Sorghum grain in poultry feeding volume 46 issue 3 m. According to the food and agriculture organization fao, the top sorghum producing countries have been the united states, nigeria, india, mexico, and argentina table. Sorgum adalah salah satu sumber energy terbarukan yang mempunyai potensi untuk. Most viral diseases of sorghum are mosaics with the most important being maize dwarf mosaic toler, 1985. Within most developing countries, the sorghum crop rarely reaches the market. Agronomic performance of forage sorghum genotypes as affected. Globally, it produces approximately 70 million tons of grain from about 50 million ha o f land. In 2009, 82% of harvested area of sorghum was within africa and asia fao, 2011. Improvement in the protein quality of african sorghum foods through compositing with cowpea by joseph ochieng anyango submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree msc food science in the department of food science faculty of natural and agricultural sciences university of pretoria pretoria republic of south africa. Moench francis abayomi showemimo department of plant science, institute for agricultural research ahmadu bello university, p.
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